Literature Review Saudi Stock Market Research Paper

Literature Review Saudi Stock Market - Research Paper Example Corporate firms can raise funds from the market since it is dominated by retailers. The high the volume of trade – which is directly proportional to the number of retail traders – provides high liquidity in the market. To consider a stock market to be effective the market must reflect the consumption of relevant data. In other words, the market must be a reflection of existing data including the performance and governance of the country where the market exists (Onour, 2009). The Saudi stock market was formalized in the early 1980’s (Onour, 2009). Since then the Saudi Market has undergone several changes in accommodate new trading methods. The changes that have been witnessed include changes in the regulatory framework (Onour, 2009) and the trading methods with the introduction of electronic trading. On this paper the researcher will review past literature on the performance of the Saudi Stock Market, comparing and contrasting the performance of the market to other stock markets finally, drawing conclusions and recommendations of how to strengthen the markets performance. Key factors that are affecting the performance of the Market will also be covered in brief. The market growth in capitalization, however, has been steady most attributable to the need to invest in the money being made from the oil industry. Oil Prices and stock markets have been studied in depth by Rault & Arouri (2009). Rault & Arouri have established a linkage between performance of the stock market and oil price shocks. They cite that proper study of oil price shocks can help investors invest in the GCC countries including Saudi Arabia profitably. The Saudi stock market consists of diverse group of companies focused on the strong domestic economy rather than the international prices of oil (Jadwa Investment, 2010). Nonetheless, investors are exposed to the oil sector

Central bank Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Central bank - Assignment Example Low education levels as well as underdevelopment are also a common feature in these countries and thus making them depend on foreign labour. In a strive to improve their economy, the GCC countries have tried to diversify their economic activities after realizing that the natural resources are in the process of getting depleted and therefore inculcated capital intensive projects (Cobham & Ghassan 2011). Although most investments are done nationally, it is evident that all these countries have a common goal and thus face a common problem of acquiring capital. In response to this the financial sector, which plays a critical role in economic diversification, the GCC countries have taken the initiative to develop it. The development of financial sector has been done individually with each country operating guided by its own principles. However in2009, the central bank of the GCC was proposed that would collectively operate across the whole GCC region. The GCC banking system is more of a w eb of different structures and situations rather than a homogeneous block. This is contrary to all other economic activities that tend to be common. It is to this reason that the central bank was formed (Cobham & Ghassan 2011). . ... However the location of the central bank of GCC is completely different from that of the European central bank. This creates a doubt on the overall efficiency of the proposed GCC central bank. it therefore deems necessary to understand the banks functions and objectives as well as its pros and cons, that is sources of failure as noted by other people. Discussion Structure The proposed GCC central bank will be a central bank for a common currency to be established in the GCC region. Its capital stock will be owned by the central banks of the major countries, dividing it according to their GDP ratios. Since the bank has not been established yet, its headquarters have not been stated clearly. As the GCC is located in the Arab region with almost every member country being Muslim dominated, then the bank has to take into consideration the Muslims way of living in addition to pursuing its usual activities. Relation with European Central Bank Being a multinational financial institution, the proposed GCC central bank portrays several similarities with the European central bank. Firstly, the formation of the bank aims at unifying the currency for the member states. However, there are debates that the GCC region might not be ready for a common currency. The main retardant to attaining the common currency, which also acts as the major difference between the location of the ECB and the GCC central bank is the lack of the political consensus in the latter. A common currency requires a set of common rules and regulation to prevent inflation and other economic disasters that result from inappropriate money supply trends (Cevik, Teksoz & International Monetary Fund 2012). Self-adjusting mechanism has been seen to fail after the 2008

Foreign Tourist Behavior And Perceptions Of Indian Tourism

Foreign Tourist Behavior And Perceptions Of Indian Tourism Tourism industry is one of the major industries of the world. Various sub-sectors of this industry have been developing special relationships among themselves to eliminate competition and cost. Tourism is an important part of economic life and is closely associated with services like travel, food and accommodation. A significant part of human activity is connected with tourism. We can consider the structure of tourism industry in a form in which certain countries offer better destination, quality, and improved programmes with innovations laced with ideas of establishing product differentiation. The aim of this paper is to provide a practical approach towards the satisfaction pattern of foreign tourist behavior towards Indian tourism. This paper also depicts a clear study of behavioral understanding of foreign tourist which is presented through a qualitative research framework. Findings highlight the satisfaction level of foreign tourists with respect to Indian tourism. Gap is evaluated between satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and strategies to enhance Indian tourism are suggested for future to create a differentiation. KEY WORDS: Tourism, customers satisfaction, differentiation. INTRODUCTION: Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited. Tourism is an industry that operates on a massively broad scale: it embraces activities ranging from the smallest sea-side hotel; to air-lines, multi-national hotel chains and major international tour operators. Originally, non-traditional industries such as tourism emerged as a solution to strike a balance between ecology and industry. The tourism industry is now one of the largest sectors earning foreign exchange for the exchequer. In the face of such benefits, many countries have started assigning due weight age to the tourism industry in their national development agenda. The Holistic view of Tourism Industry in India: India has been ranked the best country brand for value-for-money in the Country Brand Index (CBI) survey conducted by Future Brand, a leading global brand consultancy. India also claimed the second place in CBIs best country brand for history, as well as appears among the top 5 in the best country brand for authenticity and art culture, and the fourth best new country for business. India made it to the list of rising stars or the countries that are likely to become major tourist destinations in the next five years, led by the United Arab Emirates, China, and Vietnam. India attracted about 4 million foreign tourists in 2006 that spent US$8.9 billion. The tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency for the development and promotion of Tourism in India. It maintains the Incredible India campaign. However, Indias tourism sector currently lags behind less endowed countries and faces serious challenges including shortage of hotel rooms and security of foreign tourists. In 2007, there were only 25,000 tourist-class hotel rooms in the whole of India. Among other factors hindering the growth of the tourism industry in India are stringent visa requirements and congested airports. Despite short- and medium-term setbacks, tourism revenues are expected to surge by 42% from 2007 to 2017. Despite some upheavals, the upward trend in tourism is noticed almost everywhere. Terrorism, threats of wars and economic problems have not been able to harm the industry except for short periods. The overall global picture of tourism arrivals and revenues has been quite good everywhere. The basic spark for tourism comes from the quest for knowledge of different cultures and some illusive or real charms of distant destinations. Adventurous spirit acts as a magnetic pull for many people. Time and resources permitting, they want to leave their places of residence intermittently. This gene of curiosity and favorable factors like politico-economic developments and technological change leading to increase in speed and comfort of travel has brought about a revolution in the tourist activity. After the stalemate of World War II, many countries worked hard to improve their infrastructure facilities for the tourists. The laissez faire tourism policy of leaving the job to bureaucrats or clerks was given up in favor of scientific management with high productivity and efficiency. In several countries, a proper management of the tourism sector was undertaken and an intensive study of different aspects of innovation tourism was carried out. Some tourism inducing factors like favorable government policies, higher incomes, more holidays and leave opportunities have been conducive to the growth of tourism. People want to move out because of the increasing stress at work and tension and also because of the desire to get away from a polluted atmosphere. Social and seasonal pressures too, generate a short term feeling of the need for abandonment, peaceful relaxation or recuperation. It could be also escapism or an adventurous idea. Each situation gives rise to different types of tourists. Marketing of tourism and tourist / consumer behavior: Tourism is a service sector which earns a substantial foreign exchange to developing countries. In India, Kerala is one of the important destinations for the international tourists with its unique nature beauty with backwaters, mountains and beaches. To make the tourism a great success one has to take advantage of the modern technology to full extent. Present paper is an attempt to market tourism by adapting the service marketing approach for achieving great success. Being a service product it has to adopt Service marketing principles. This process is explained through the service triangle. (SERVICE MARKET TRIANGLE) a) Company: The company in the Tourism Sector can be the Central Government, the State tourism Corporations, Tour Operators such as SOTC, ITDC, etc. The company carries out External Marketing as well as Internal Marketing External Marketing: It makes promises to the customers, for e.g. the Malaysian governments advertisement Malaysia, Truly Asia that promises a veritable cultural paradise to the customer. Internal Marketing: The Company enables the Providers to fulfill the promises made by it to the customers. For example, the Malaysian Government maintains the local transportation within the country, maintains the tourist spots such as KL Towers, etc. b) Providers: The Providers include all the entities that finally fulfill the Companys promise to the Customers. They undertake Interactive Marketing, because they are in touch with the final customer. Thus in the case of the Malaysian government, this would include the transportation providers (Malaysian Airlines, Air India, local bus transportation, local trains in Kuala Lumpur, car and two-wheeler rentals), the different hotels within Malaysia (Tanjam Putri), souvenir outlets at tourist areas, tourist spots (Genting highland, KL Towers, Twin Towers, etc.), restaurants (KFC Joints, Mary Brown, Pizza Hut), etc. c) Customers: These are the end users of the final service delivered by the providers. The satisfaction and dissatisfaction will depend upon the efficiency of the delivery in the service process as well as the promises kept by the service providers. EX. If jet Airways promises to reach a particular destination on a given time, the satisfaction of travelers will depend upon the timely arrival of that flight. Applications of the Gaps Model: Perceived service quality can be defined as, according to the Gaps model, the difference between consumers expectation and perceptions which eventually depends on the size and the direction of the four gaps concerning the delivery of service quality on the companys side (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, Berry, 1985). Customer Gap = f (Gap 1, Gap 2, Gap 3, Gap 4) The magnitude and the direction of each gap will affect the service quality. For instance, Gap 3 will be favourable if the delivery of a service exceeds the standards of service required by the organization, and it will be unfavourable when the specifications of the service delivered are not met. First of all the model clearly determines the two different types of gaps in service marketing, namely the customer gap and the provider gaps. The latter is considered as internal gaps within a service firm. This model really views the services as a structured, integrated model which connects external customers to internal services between the different functions in a service organization. Important applications of the model are as follows: The 10 determinants of service quality (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, Berry, 1985) 1. The gaps model of service quality gives insights and propositions regarding customers perceptions of service quality. 2. Customers always use 10 dimensions to form the expectation and perceptions of service quality. 3. The model helps predict, generate and identify key factors that cause the gap to be unfavourable to the service firm in meeting customer expectations. Thus, Perception, expectation and delivery are three basic features on which the success of Tourism depends. Knowledge sharing, change and innovation in human societies, as well as economic renaissance have much to do with tourism, which is accompanied by a cross of experiences, social movements, nascent explorations, interaction and coordination of a variety of social system. A tourist is basically interested in a well satisfying experience at a tourist destination. His decision starts with a conglomeration of perception and expectation in the context of the place to be visited. An understanding of a tourist journey can be highly revealing if we can carry out an analysis of three basic factors associated with a tourist. These are his perception, expectation and delivery of the tour. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: The proposed paper has the following intended objectives: To identify how foreign tourists influences the Indian tourism. To envisage the attitude of foreign tourist about Indian tourism. To suggest strategies to bridge the gap between expectation of tourist and delivery process. HYPOTHESIS: Following hypothesis were set for this study: 1. H1: Safety and security is an important factor in foreign tourism 2. H2: Foreign tourists experience overall satisfaction from their visit to India 3. H3: Indias rich diversity in culture plays a major role for attracting foreign tourist RESEARCH DESIGN USED: In this case, a descriptive research and causal research design study is used to study the relationships in question. Descriptive research facilitates the study to obtain accurate and complete information regarding a concept or a situation or a practice. The objective of a descriptive research revolved around who, what, when and how of a topic. Causal research facilitates the study to know whether one variable is having an effect on another variable. DATA COLLECTION: Here, both primary and secondary data is considered. Secondary data is collected from the international and national journals like Journal of Research in tourism, reputed working papers and other reputed journals. Primary data is gathered using Questionnaire as a tool for data collection. Sampling Technique: Stratified Random Sampling is done for selection of respondents. Sampling Population- place selected: The respondents were foreign tourists in Mumbai. Sample Size: Total 100 foreign tourist respondents were surveyed in Mumbai. DATA ANALYSIS: Data collected through Questionnaire was tabulated using Excel Personal Details: 1. Gender: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 53% respondents were females and 47% were males. 2. Marital Status: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 57% respondents were married and 43% were single. 3. Country of domicile: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 46% were American, 27% belong to Europe, 17% were from Asia, and 10% were from other country of origin. 4. Purpose of Visit: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 50% of respondents visited India for conferences, 37% for holiday/ sight seeing, 7% came to visit friends and relatives, 3% came for studies and 2% came for business purposes. 5. Age: From the above, it is seen that 40% respondents belong to 41-50 years age group, 33% belong to 31- 40 years age group, 27% belong to 20-30 years age group, none of the respondents were under 20 years and above 51 years. DETAILED ANALYSIS: The detailed analysis of the data is given below. 1. Levels of expectation on the following aspects before tour visit to India: 1.1 Information on India as a tourist destination: The data presented reveals that nearly 57% of foreign tourist respondents had High expectation from Indian tourism and 17% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had very low expectation from Indian tourism. 1.2 Accessibility to India from other parts of the globe (ease of getting visa, availability of flights and trains): The data presented reveals that nearly 77% (13% very high and 64% high) of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation with respect to accessibility parameter and 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had very low expectation for the same. 1.3 Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/ lodge/ guest house/ hostel available: The data presented reveals that 37% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/lodge/guest house/ hostel facility in India 43% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 17% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.4 Quality and variety of food: The data presented reveals that 27% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Quality and variety of food in India, 46% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 20% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.5 Level of hygienic condition: The data presented reveals that 20% of foreign tourist respondents had very high expectation with respect to Level of hygienic condition, 40% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 14% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had very low expectation and 23% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.6 Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities: The data presented reveals that 30% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities available in India, 36% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 7% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.7 Travel agents and guide services: The data presented reveals that 30% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Travel agents and guide services available, 36% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.8 Safety and Security of Tourist: The data presented reveals that 30% of foreign tourist respondents had very high expectation with respect to Safety and Security of Tourist in India, 40% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.9 Attitude of local people towards tourist: The data presented reveals that 27% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Attitude of local people towards tourist in India, 43% of respondents had high expectation and 10% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 3% of respondents said that they had very low expectation and 17% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.10 Tourist information centers at prominent locations: The data presented reveals that 23% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Tourist information centers at prominent locations in India, 35% of respondents had high expectation and 13% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 29% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.11 Responsiveness to customer complaints: The data presented reveals that 20% of foreign tourist respondents had very high expectation with respect to Responsiveness to customer complaints, 40% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation, 10% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 23% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 2. Levels of satisfaction on the following aspects after tour visit to India: 2.1 Information on India as a tourist destination: The data presented reveals that nearly 43% of respondents were satisfied from Indian tourism after their visit and 13% of respondents said that they were dissatisfied from Indian tourism, 44% of respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied from Indian tourism. None of the respondents were delighted from the same. 2.2 Accessibility to India from other parts of the globe (ease of getting visa, availability of flights and trains): The data presented reveals that 53% of respondents were satisfied with respect to accessibility parameter to India and only 3% of respondents said that they were delighted for the same. 37% respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with respect to accessibility parameter to India and only 7% said that they were dissatisfied from the same. 2.3 Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/ lodge/ guest house/ hostel available: The data presented reveals that 57% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/ lodge/ guest house/ hostel facility in India, 13% of foreign tourist respondents said they were delighted with the above said parameters, 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.4 Quality and variety of food: The data presented reveals that 67% of respondents were satisfied with respect to Quality and variety of food in India, 23% of respondents said that they were delighted, 3% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 7% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied with the quality and variety of food in India. 2.5 Level of Hygienic conditions: The data presented reveals that 47% of respondents were satisfied with respect to level of hygienic conditions in India, 13% of respondents said that they were delighted, 10% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 30% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied with the quality and variety of food in India. 2.6 Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities: The data presented reveals that 47% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to the Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities in India, 20% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, none of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied for the same, 33% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied with the Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities in India. 2.7 Travel arrangements (Travel agents and guide services): The data presented reveals that 43% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to Travel arrangements (Travel agents and guide services) in India, 10% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 40% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.8 Safety and Security of tourist: The data presented reveals that 43% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to safety and security measures of tourist in India, 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 40% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.9 Attitude of local people towards tourist: The data presented reveals that 50% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to Attitude of local people towards tourist in India, 10% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, 17% of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 23% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.10 Tourist information centers at prominent locations: The data presented reveals that 37% of respondents were satisfied with respect to Tourist information centers at prominent locations in India, 13% of respondents said that they were delighted, 17% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 3% said that they were very dissatisfied, 30% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.11 Responsiveness to customer complaints: The data presented reveals that 47% of respondents were satisfied with respect to responsiveness to customer complaints in India, only 3% of respondents said that they were delighted, 30% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 3% said that they were very dissatisfied, 17% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 3. Miscellaneous: 3.1 Respondents visit to India before: Out of total 100 respondents, 63% respondents said that they have visited India before, 37% respondents said that they have not visited India before. 3.2 Rating the overall satisfaction with respect to the respondents experience about touring in India: The data presented reveals that 47% respondents said that they had overall satisfaction with respect to the experience about touring in India, 13% respondents were extremely satisfied, 33% respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with respect to the experience about touring in India, 7% respondents said that they were dissatisfied for the same. 3.3. Based on the experience, recommendation given to friends, relatives to visit India: The data presented reveals that 13% respondents said that they will always recommend to their friends and relatives to visit India due to their own experience, 53% respondents said that they will almost always refer the same, 20% respondents said that they will sometime refer, 7% respondents said that they were rarely refer and 7% respondents said that they will never refer to their friends and relatives to visit India. 3.4. Rating the extent of importance by the respondents to each of the activities when they are on tour in India: a) Getting away from stress: The data presented reveals that 13% respondents said that getting away from stress is very important factor for them to come on tour in India, 17% respondents said that it is an important factor, 46% respondents said that getting away from stress is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 17% respondents said that it is not important factor and 7% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. b) Health reasons: The data presented reveals that 13% respondents said that health reason is very important factor for them when they to come on tour in India, 27% respondents said that it is an important factor, 7% respondents said that it is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 10% respondents said that it is not important factor and 43% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. c) Learning about India and its culture: The data presented reveals that 27% respondents said that learning about India and its culture is very important factor for them when they to come on tour in India, 23% respondents said that it is an important factor, 3% respondents said that it is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 10% respondents said that it is not important factor and 37% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. Testing of Hypotheses: 1. H1: Safety and Security is an important factor in foreign tourism Rating the expectation level about Safety and Security factor of Tourist: The data presented reveals that 30% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Safety and Security of Tourist in India, 40% of respondents had high expectation and 3% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. Rating the satisfaction level about Safety and Security factor of Tourist: The data presented reveals that 43% of respondents were satisfied with respect to safety and security measures of tourist in India, 7% of respondents said that they were delighted, 7% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 40% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. The above data revels that majority of foreign tourists have high expectations about security and safety parameter and at the same time most of them are satisfied and delighted from the same. This states that foreign tourist care about their security and safety. Thus, H1: safety and security is an important factor in foreign tourism holds true. 2. H2: Foreign tourists experience overall satisfaction from their visit to India Rating the overall satisfaction with respect to the respondents experience about touring in India: The data presented reveals that 47% respondents said that they had overall satisfaction with respect to the experience about touring in India, 13% respondents were extremely satisfied, 33% respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with respect to the experience about touring in India, 7% respondents said that they were dissatisfied for the same. Thus, from the above it is seen that most of the foreign tourists are satisfied with their overall experience about touring in India. H2: Foreign tourists experience overall satisfaction from their visit to India holds true. 3. H3: Indias rich diversity in culture plays a major role for attracting foreign tourist Rate the extent of importance: Learning about India and its culture The data presented reveals that 27% respondents said that learning about India and its culture is very important factor for them when they to come on tour in India, 23% respondents said that it is an important factor, 3% respondents said that it is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 10% respondents said that it is not important factor and 37% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. Thus, the above data shows that majority of foreign tourist visit India for its rich diversity in culture and heritage. H3: Indias rich diversity in culture plays a major role for attracting foreign tourist, holds true. CONCLUSION: All types of tourism in India have registered phenomenal growth in the last decade ever since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector by projecting India as the ultimate tourist spot. The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism in India is that India has always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness, and charm attributes that have been attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes. From the study it is evident that mostly male foreign tourist visit India mostly for attending conferences. India attracts tourism for its richness in diversity and culture of which Medical tourism is also picking up pace in India, attracting foreigners. Overall foreign tourists are satisfied with the tour in India, some gap exits in expectation and perseverance pattern. This gap is bridged in recommendations. RECOMMENDATION: The study revealed the gap that existed between perception and expectation of foreign tourist. This gap is bridged as follows. a) Perception: Perception is the process by which information from the environment is received and interpreted and used in decision making through the interaction of various senses with known aspects of the tourist activity. The accuracy and nature of a persons perception determines the quality of decision and the subsequent action. Perception requires a stimulus which can be something visual or otherwise. The perception about a tourist spot may depend on the nature of the spot under consideration as well as the nature of the tourist who is bounded by his own ideas, possibly based on his values and current attributes. The nature of the spot would be judged by its location, surroundings and characteristics depending on the taste of the tourist who may or may not be bothered about external appearances. A fun loving tourist will have a very different perception of a spot in comparison with an academic minded tourist. Perception is used to make decisions. The actual experience which depends on the delivery pattern influences future decisions. Different individuals have different perception about the same thing. It may so happed some tourist are interested in some aspect of tourist spot which they consider specific or important. The differences of opinion may be based on their education and background. The int

Final Project: Analyzing Financial Statements

The disadvantages of line item budgeting, according to Martin (2001) line-item budgets say nothing about how much service a human service agency provides, the cost of that service, the number of outcomes the agency accomplished, or their attendant costs. Another disadvantage is it limits the ability to aka change decisions as the environment and conditions change. For the most part, a line item budget is simple to read. The purpose of Performance budgeting system is to plan, budget and evaluate emphasis in relationships between money budgeted and services and or results expected.The advantages and disadvantages of performance budgeting system are they give information on the amount of services provided by an agency and the program costs, including estimation of the cost per output per unit AT service. I en Lastingness AT performance Educating system are It is not always reliable. In some organization, the performance budget system is depended up other departments input in order to kn ow the output for the agency. If one-department documents are available or inaccurate, it can throw off the entire performance system.The purpose of program budgeting system is it gives insight to the effectiveness of an agency. It also relates outcome to inputs. The major advantages of program budgeting systems are that (a) they provide information on the amount of (client) outcomes achieved by a human service program and the attendant costs, including determination of cost per outcome, and (b) they raise the bevel of debate from service and efficiency concerns to clients and effectiveness concerns. The disadvantages are it is difficult to measure the outcome of performance.With program budgeting systems, the debate is on effectiveness concerns (what happens to clients in terms of outcomes), not on line items or efficiency considerations. Program budgeting systems represent one way of personalizing that most elusive of all human service and social work goals: maintaining a client f ocus, Martin, (2001). Two types of traditional approaches to fund development that are appropriate for the EX. Corporation are Grant writing and undersides. In writing a grant proposal, one has to be precise in the what and why he/she is requesting a grant.In many cases a fundraiser can and will meet the needs of an organizations. Two types of nontraditional approaches to fund development that are appropriate for the EX. Corporation are A Walk-A-Thong fundraiser is one way of raising funds for PH. ; Location – Most colleges will allow walk-a-thong on their campuses as long as the date does not conflict with any other events they may have scheduled. ; Date – Check dates in the community to make sure there are no conflicting dates to hinder the outcome of the walk-a-thong outcome. ; Food & Drinks – although it is a walk-a-thong, people will need food and drinks to keep up their strength.Solicit area grocery stores for fruits and things for sandwiches as well as dr inks, such as water and Juices. ; Print up and pass out boosters. Boosters are sheets of paper that people sign stating their pledge amounts as well as their names. Soliciting funds from local area businesses may be another way to raise funds for PH. ; Organize a team of individuals who are willing to either make phone calls to different businesses in the area, asking for donations or send a am out into the community personally soliciting funds from area businesses.Since most people enjoy dinner, dancing and conversations, one method I would use would be a Pasta Dinner Fundraiser. Steps into making this a success are: ; Choose a Date – Check school calendars, holidays, major town events, and other organizations so there is no conflict with other events that could potentially affect the outcome of dinner. ; Location – Seek out a place that will donate space for the event, such as a church or school. ; Advertise – Sell Tickets in advance. Make posters and post the m in noticeable areas. ;The Food – Solicit food or paper good donations from area groceries, Italian restaurants (sauce), bread stores, and grocery stores. In soliciting for food, products include drinks, such as coffee, soft drinks, creamers, sugar substitutes as well as sugars. ; The Ambiance – Solicit music: search for a DC or a band to play for the event. Solicit area businesses for prizes and sell raffle ticket, Brewer (2011). If calculations are correct, EX. Corporation financial status is in good standing. If they continue on ten path teen are on, Ana malignant tenet annual average organization should continue to provide services for those in need.

The Good, the Bad and Gre Essay Samples Ets

The Good, the Bad and Gre Essay Samples Ets Other people think that college students should base their selection of an area of study on the access to work in that area. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. They should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively. College students should base their selection of an area of study on the access to work in that area. New Ideas Into Gre Essay Samples Ets Never Before Revealed You may also become different discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. Your email address won't be published. Write a response in which you discuss what questions would want to get answered to be able to choose whether the recommendation will probably have the predicted outcome. After discovering our website, you will no longer will need to bother friends and family with these kinds of requests. Most students th ink about the GRE Essay as the absolute most stressful assignment ever, but it isn't so difficult as it appears. The ideal way to determine how to find a high Analytical Writing score is to take a look at a GRE essay sample, but doing so with no guidance can be overwhelming. There are quite a lot of websites that can help you in evaluating your essays and also in supplying you with useful GRE sample essays. The very first point to do before you get started searching for GRE sample essays is to comprehend what the Analytical Writing test section is about. As a result, if you prefer to know the GRE sample essays clearly, you have to first go through these links which will provide you with a fair idea of the way to prepare for this test section, what the test section contains and what all to bear in mind whilst writing the essays. To begin with, utilize the perfect-scoring sample GRE essays within this guide as models of feasible tactics to do the essay tasks. Substance matters more than every other issue in regards to your essays. Therefore, if you practice with merely a few prompts per category, you ought to be ready. In the issue essay, you will be provided a topic that's debatable. Just scanning through these 2 lists of essay topics will provide you with a fantastic idea of the sorts of issues and arguments that appear on test day. Ask yourselves these 2 questions when you're writing the essays. Now this discussion will be in the shape of an essay but these aren't the types of essays you might be accustomed to writing in school so far or in college. You may then practice replicating successful connections between ideas in your practice essays. These professors not only supply you with an accurate evaluation of your essays, but will also offer you valuable insights as to where exactly you may enhance your writing skills. What Has to be Done About Gre Essay Samples Ets Before It's Too Late As you pay for homework, we provide those options at no cost. If you're able to reveal wonderful writing skills in addition to a good ability to organize, you will become definitely an ideal grade. Between grammar and fashion, grammar is quite a bit simpler to improve. It isn't only a trial of his thinking capabilities, but in addition, it checks his writing abilities. Most students believe that essay length the only im portant aspect in regards to AWA scoring. Actually, the GRE Essay scores can really be a terrific boost to your profile. However, there are some vital points they don't realize. Nowadays you know what issue takes to receive an ideal essay score. ETS has not spoken out about the perfect length of an essay, and there is absolutely no word on the term limit as such. Each paragraph within the body of this perceptive essay identifies and examines an unstated assumption that is critical to the argument. However, such lucid prose can be countered by means of an over-reliance on abstractions and reasoning that isn't entirely powerful. Be sure to spell out in what way the answers to the questions would help to value the conclusion. There is, in addition, the dilemma of grammar. The last paragraph or conclusion is utilized to sum up, and adjust the most important idea. Both test your capacity to compose a cogent thesis statement that you need to defend over the class of many paragraphs. To sum up, the statement isn't logical since there are a few errors in it. Therefore, the response is adequately developed and satisfactorily organized to demonstrate the method by which the argument is dependent on questionable assumptions.

In The Eyes Of The Beholder. Coming Of Age In The United

In the Eyes of the Beholder Coming of age in the United States has its privileges, you can vote, drink and buy spray paint. That’s right, spray paint. Many states, including Texas and Florida prohibit selling spray paint to minors. That means that, without an adult, under-age graffiti artists cannot purchase the medium needed for their creative work. Unlike other styles of art, graffiti denotes passionate emotional controversy. Ask anyone to describe graffiti and you are likely to hear anything from vandalized walls full of writings to beautiful commissioned murals. This paper will explore this intriguing creative expression, why it has such a negative stigma, and how or if it has evolved over the years. Webster defines graffiti as†¦show more content†¦To the little artist both were deliberate, but to the audience the wall print was unwelcomed and a nuisance to be cleaned up. To some, Picasso’s WOMAN WITH FISH HAT painting may look like a beginner’s attempt, but to an expert it has â€Å"immensely inventive intensity† (Hans 154). To the untrained eye, Jackson Pollack’s art looks like haphazard splatters of paint. In the crime thriller CONTRABAND a seemingly tarp full of paint was discarded by thieves, later the canvas was revealed to be a Pollack original worth millions. Amateurs consider many famous artworks as junk but connoisseur valuable them as treasures. Who is right? If Pollack had painted his famous, No 5, on a city wall would it still be valued at $140 million or would it be considered worthless graffiti by youth vandals. America graffiti acquired its bad rap from the â€Å"hippie’ era. Protesters of the Vietnam War and other political and worldviews began to appear on college campus and city walls. Gangs emerged from an increase of immigrants and their need to integrate. Many youths in large cities such as Los Angeles and New York City â€Å"joined gangs to help them gain a group identity, defend themselves against other groups, and establish a unified presence.† (Doak 16). Gangs identify themselves in many ways; their clothing, colors, even their language and slang terms helps differentiate themselves from other gangs. Another common identifier is to mark theirShow MoreRelatedMark Twain And Zitkala Sa949 Words   |  4 Pagesstories, they had an aim and idea of cold anti-colonial war against the United States. Mark Twain used Native Americans as the primary and hypocritical element against the United States aggression towards the Indian nations. Twain’s historically updated mi nd shaped his Missouri and Mississippi Valley s identity that permits accessibility to his protest against global imperialism. Zitkala-Sa critiques express in depth conflicts coming from the Americans mistreatments towards the Indians. This historicalRead MoreEthics, Art, and Natural Science1353 Words   |  5 Pagesethics state that we should not experiment on living creatures. If we delve into the realm of this ethical judgement, information is lost. No longer, can the effects, whether positive or negative, be mapped. This now means the first time a product is coming in contact with skin is after you’ve taken it home from the store. If it affects you in any way, you could end up in a hospital but no animals were harmed. When the things we can learn becomes severely limited, by ethics, the possibility for a consequenceRead MoreThe Stress on Americas Equality Essay1176 Words   |  5 Pagesit progressed to qualifying white women under that category of a â€Å"free person.à ¢â‚¬  America strives for equality ever since the Constitution was signed. As periods in America’s generations advanced, we began to come closer to more equal rights for each United States citizen. All the way from the later 1900’s till now, we have always had the reoccurring issue of racial discrimination and now, same-sex marriages. This is where the comparison of these two songs comes into play with social events of the timeRead MoreThe Old Saying â€Å"Beauty Is In The Eye Of The Beholder† Has1779 Words   |  8 PagesThe old saying â€Å"beauty is in the eye of the beholder† has always been the ideal of what society believes beauty to be; versatile and able to be interpreted as anyone likes because it is something that is unique to every person’s own taste. This sentiment, as true as it may seem, is just an illusion. Oxford Dictionaries may define beauty as â€Å"a combination of qualities, such as shape, colour, or form, that pleases the a esthetic senses, especially the sight†, which seems vague enough to be interpretedRead MoreThe Political Impact of 9/113412 Words   |  14 Pagesthe same, especially the United States. 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This is the artists job, to make us, all of society, think about whoRead MorePreparing to Conduct Business Research Part 3 Essay3319 Words   |  14 Pagesadding additional staff or using affect motivation. RESEARCH QUESTION Concerning research questions, they are important components of a research project. Research questions can bring up questions which provoke interest in finding out more. When coming up with questions what are we solving like management problems who is involved. The researchers and mangers must formulate questions that when answered, represent solutions. Research questions best state the objectives of business research studyRead MoreEssay on Framing the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users9798 Words   |  40 Pagesexplores social constructions of marijuana users over the years and how the medical marijuana issue has altered these constructions as a means to understand the framing processes involved and the changing public conceptions of marijuana reform with an eye toward explaining movement outcomes. 2 There are many elements of social movements that are subject to the act of framing. 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Essay on Historical People from the Victorian Era - 876 Words

The Victorian Era The Victorian era was when Queen Victoria ruled England from 1837 to 1901. This was a time when it culturally changed from rationalism from the prior era (Georgian period) toward â€Å"romanticism and mysticism with regard to religion, social values, and arts.† This was also a time of peace in international relationships and economic, colonial and industrial growth. The two most important in politics were the prime ministers Gladstone and Disraeli. Gladstone was a liberal and Disraeli was a conservatist. With their different views â€Å"they changed the course of history†. The population of England rose quickly in this era and so did Wales. Together they doubled in population and a lot of people also moved from the United Kingdom†¦show more content†¦When Dickens was young his father was sent to prison and he had to leave school to go to work in a factory. This left him without any formal education, but still he was very successful. He wrote many novels and over hundreds of short stories, and also edited a weekly journal for a long time. Dickens became famous when the Pickwick Papers was published in 1836. He was mostly famous because of his humour, satire and how he observed character and society. 1843 Dickens wrote the novella A Christmas Carol, and is one of the most important works ever written. It’s still popular today in every artistic genre. Oscar Wilde Oscar Wilde was a writer and poet from Ireland. He wrote famous epigrams, plays and only one novel. He was born in Ireland 1854 and died in France 1900. Wilde ´s parents were successful. He spoke fluent French and German and went to university in Dublin and Oxford. After university he became well known in cultural and social circles in London for his intelligence and his magnificent way to dress. In the beginning of the 1890s he wrote his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Grey. 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The age was marked by conflicting explanations and theories, of scientific and economic confidence and of social and spiritual pessimism, of a sharpened awareness of the inevitability of progress and of deep disquietRead MoreThe Search Of Freaks969 Words   |  4 Pagesof power and class at a particular time context. In the middle ages, by possessing me dical knowledge and practices, women were denounced as witches, known as another form of freaks, and considered as a cause of hysteria. Forwarding to the Victorian era, people who had anatomically unusual bodies were named freaks, and displayed their abnormalities as a source of amusement. Despite the classification of freaks has transformed over time, there is one commonality between all these freaks: they continue